im a bpd and ptsd sufferer, iam 30 years old and have had a very rough life.
i have never built up any relationships in life with either male or female because of the trauma and mental health problems i sustained.
growing up and throughout my life i have been bullied severley....ive suffered assaults, muggings...time in a psyche hospital...survived alot of horrible thangs..
ive never been employed, never had qualifications....and have been on welfare benifit the majority of my life.
i suffer with extreme low self worth but iam also very vain in my mind.
i have physical imperfections that get me down, ive aged prematurley...dark lines under my eyes....im bald....i have 2 missing teeth, front, bottom row...need implants, which are expensive.
i have physical worries im having investigated at the moment...aching joints, frequent urination.
for a while now ive been corresponding with this cute, chubby redhead from kansas via myspace then added on to msn through email..
How do you cope when you know somebody won't accept you ?
I'm happy u find some one u like, don't worry about your look when u and her was sending each other message ,u fall in love with her because of her personality, she also fall in love with your personality too, don't let your problem effect u, if she happen to see your pic and she find it weird than that her problem, beauty is only skin deep.i 'm pretty sure that she will understand what's u going through, maybe she will be one of your hope to get your life better. remember , be patience and continue being who u are and things will fall in to the right places.
Reply:The only way for others to accept you is to be yourself , other than your related problems , there is a real self underneath .
If you are in love, that should be enough to bring out the amazing side of you .
Most of all , you have to be honest to yourself and the one you love. By pretending you are someone else would only be deceitful and will end up hurting those you love.
Ultimately ,it is up to the other party to accept you . If they can't accept you , they are not worthy of your time.
Reply:Don't let your insecurities make you think you have nothing to offer. You have love to offer! Its free and the most amazing thing someone can give another person! Physical appearances change, people change its life. Money comes and goes and so do possessions! Be true to yourself and her and if its meant to be it will!
You are a survivor from what you have written, so if one little chubby redhead girl in Kansas doesn't take to you, you are better off with out! There is someone else out there...just find confidence in yourself. Thats the key!
good luck!
myspace.com/pochichi
Reply:the amount of times you've called yourself "worthless" and "hopeless" is probably a symptom of your problems. Think about it this way; you want to get closer to this woman, right? And if she's a real friend she'll not judge you for your appearance or problems, correct? If she does, why give her a moment more of your time? Just do it, and see how things go; forget about your predictions of doom for a moment. Maybe she'll be more tolerant and accepting than you thought, and you'll both grow closer from the experience. good luck!
Reply:You should definitly let her see you via the internet before real life, it would be way less traumatizing to you I think, if she ended up being a jerk in real life. You should do that immediatley before your feelings get any deeper, because if she can't accept you, it's just going to tear you up, so do it quickly.
Try to go back to school and learn some valuable skill that will get you hired easily. Computers are a great fall back. Just do something that will enable you to learn a skill that other people don't have, so that you can build confidence in yourself.
Reply:Your question was to long, but to answer the top sentence, I just say their loss not mine. Screw them and the horse they rode in on. That philosophy has kept me out of the insane asylum for quite some time. ;-)
Reply:Quit living in the past. Sure you may have had a rough life but so have a lot of other people. The past is the past leave it there. Get over it.
Find some kind of job where they will train you. Get off of your butt and do something constructive.
If you work you can fix your physical imperfections..
Nobody is perfect.
You need to act in a way that you can respect yourself and like you.
Don't lie to the girl and let her think you are something you are not. Or that you feel something you don't feel.
Let her know that you have work to do on yourself and would like to be her friend. When you feel like it is time open up to her and maybe she can help you. She may have issues you can help her with.
Reply:first of all after you've built up a friendship you need to be honest with her about what's going on in your life. Before you do that you need to not sound whiney, merely state the facts. You want to visit another country but that's costly and you don't have the money to do that (you said), and, unless marriage were in the picture I don't think you could just go to another country without being able to support yourself and being a professional at what you do. So I think you are over dreaming this and you're going to get disappointed and depressed over it.
If you have been bullied, mugged, beat up or whatever then you need to get some form of employment (there are testing places run by your county or state to see what work you can do, and then they help you find work, even piecework) and you should move to a better neighborhood, even if you have to share an apartment for a while till you can make it on your own. Having decent income and a career are two things that attract females. Learning a skill or a new skill and supporting yourself does cure the self-esteem problem. If you feel uncomfortable with your looks you can later work from home or in an office wherein you don't have to meet clients. Here in the US there is paid education and assistance to find work thru the state and government for people with disabilities, check out to see where that is located in your country. Best of luck to you.
Reply:You can not make people like you. I have people who like me and people who don't, don't let the dust settle on your shoe keep on going. People like me for me and not for my looks, you have to be a friend to have a friend.
hotels reviews
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Closing Front Tooth Gap?
i damaged my front teeth agers ago, my teeth look okay on the eye, but don't feel good since the damage.
anyway i'm paying private once the new year is over with and possibly looking at 2 dental implants, or maybe 1 implant and a procera crown.
just wondering though, my teeth are pretty straight but i have a slight gap in my front tooth, could the dentist easy make the teeth bigger should i decide to get an implant (or crown) to cover the gap?
i don't want to bother with 'bonding' as you need to keep getting that done every few years, but i'm unsure whether to keep the gap or join them together.
its never caused me any trouble or bothered me before, but its kinda gutting paying possibley £3,000 for 2 implants - (all my savings i might add and i'm currently not working) :O
and i'm thinking to myself maybe i should get it done and i can say ive got something for my money.
whats your views? and is it possible?
Closing Front Tooth Gap?
Yes the gap can be made smaller or closed if I were you try to keep your teeth how they come through as it will affect your bite and will cause problems in the future it's a pity you couldn't have got an NHS dentist because it is a lot of money think if it were me I would just get the repairs done good luck there are good and bad dentists private and NHS whatever you decide ask to speak to the technician
Reply:if it bothers you that much you would ask on here I would say yes, have them done enough to close the gap. It will boost your self confidence no-end
Reply:I know people who have paid to have a gap put in their front teeth. A lot of people think its cool so why worry about it. Letterman doesn't and he can afford it. Some times not having perfect chicklet teeth adds a bit of character and looks really cool
Reply:I have two implants %26amp; it was a lengthy business having them done (nearly a year from start to finish) %26amp; not particularly pleasant (had to wear false teeth for months,had a bad reaction to the painkillers I had to take after the bone graft %26amp; insertion of the implant) so it is not something to be undertaken unnecessarily. If your teeth are in reasonable condition, a simple crown is probably all that is needed and only if you are really unhappy with your appearance. I also have a veneer %26amp; that has lasted well so far. A gap between your front teeth is meant to be sexy %26amp; slightly imperfect teeth look much more real than perfect ones. Will it make you happier to have your teeth fixed, or will you then find something else wrong? If you aren't working %26amp; having your teeth fixed won't make it any easier for you to find work, then I would suggest saving your money.
Reply:Ask your dentist about veneers to close up the gap.
Reply:It is a lengthy and expensive process. I have bonding/veneers on my front teeth (to close a gap too) and it has lasted over 7 years and still going strong. They now also make them so you can bleach them with the rest of your teeth if you like. I didn't like the idea of completely removing a tooth for a simple gap. Implants into the bone are painful, my sister is a dental hygenist and says people only choose them if they are missing teeth or have to have a lot pulled out. Be careful
flirt
anyway i'm paying private once the new year is over with and possibly looking at 2 dental implants, or maybe 1 implant and a procera crown.
just wondering though, my teeth are pretty straight but i have a slight gap in my front tooth, could the dentist easy make the teeth bigger should i decide to get an implant (or crown) to cover the gap?
i don't want to bother with 'bonding' as you need to keep getting that done every few years, but i'm unsure whether to keep the gap or join them together.
its never caused me any trouble or bothered me before, but its kinda gutting paying possibley £3,000 for 2 implants - (all my savings i might add and i'm currently not working) :O
and i'm thinking to myself maybe i should get it done and i can say ive got something for my money.
whats your views? and is it possible?
Closing Front Tooth Gap?
Yes the gap can be made smaller or closed if I were you try to keep your teeth how they come through as it will affect your bite and will cause problems in the future it's a pity you couldn't have got an NHS dentist because it is a lot of money think if it were me I would just get the repairs done good luck there are good and bad dentists private and NHS whatever you decide ask to speak to the technician
Reply:if it bothers you that much you would ask on here I would say yes, have them done enough to close the gap. It will boost your self confidence no-end
Reply:I know people who have paid to have a gap put in their front teeth. A lot of people think its cool so why worry about it. Letterman doesn't and he can afford it. Some times not having perfect chicklet teeth adds a bit of character and looks really cool
Reply:I have two implants %26amp; it was a lengthy business having them done (nearly a year from start to finish) %26amp; not particularly pleasant (had to wear false teeth for months,had a bad reaction to the painkillers I had to take after the bone graft %26amp; insertion of the implant) so it is not something to be undertaken unnecessarily. If your teeth are in reasonable condition, a simple crown is probably all that is needed and only if you are really unhappy with your appearance. I also have a veneer %26amp; that has lasted well so far. A gap between your front teeth is meant to be sexy %26amp; slightly imperfect teeth look much more real than perfect ones. Will it make you happier to have your teeth fixed, or will you then find something else wrong? If you aren't working %26amp; having your teeth fixed won't make it any easier for you to find work, then I would suggest saving your money.
Reply:Ask your dentist about veneers to close up the gap.
Reply:It is a lengthy and expensive process. I have bonding/veneers on my front teeth (to close a gap too) and it has lasted over 7 years and still going strong. They now also make them so you can bleach them with the rest of your teeth if you like. I didn't like the idea of completely removing a tooth for a simple gap. Implants into the bone are painful, my sister is a dental hygenist and says people only choose them if they are missing teeth or have to have a lot pulled out. Be careful
flirt
Can anyone help me?
can anyone tell me where i can get my teeth done cheap im on low budget i want my teeth taken out then implanted back in what would be the best my dentist wont do it
Can anyone help me?
This is a strange request, I would be interested to know why you want this procedure done. Not many Dentist's would even be able to carry this surgery out, unless they are specialists and you certainly won't get it done 'cheap', it would be something that a private Dentist may do, or a Dental Hospital may do it, but only for valid clinical reasons. If you can give me the reason for the request I may be able to give you a cheaper alternative, contact me via the yahoo answers site.
Reply:ou won't get it done cheap, sorry for the bad news. This treatment not available on NHS so will be private. BIG MONEY
Reply:Its too expensive and why have tham down on the cheap, pay for the real deal so you know they are profeesionally done.
Reply:find a local dental school in your area, they usually take indigent patients. However, pulling out all your teeth and replacing them with implants is not a good idea. Your natural teeth will last longer with fewer risks of complications (like an infection in your jaw bone).
Reply:Why?
If you have your teeth out and the nerve is damaged they will go dark and the nerve will die!?
If you feel your teeth need straightening braces are very effective and then there are caps and crowns. This sounds a much better and less painful ordeal. (I went to the dentist today ... aah)
Reply:a cheeper idai just get ure teeth witent then get braces
Reply:Why if you took them out, would you want them put back in? Go on line to firstchoicedental.com, or just google dentist and find other proffessionals. Then there is the question, why won't your dentist work with you as far as payments, does he have good reason not to trust you? If you have a good credit history, check with these other dentists, this should not be a big problem.
Reply:Sorry, but you dont have a hope in hell. Since Mr Blair came into power all NHS Dentist has disappeared.
Reply:Questions like this need a locality, at least a country. How can you answer the question without knowing where the person lives...
Reply:Unfortunately thats not something to be done on the cheap! If it were I would have already done it!
That kind of surgery is considered cosmetic so that is the avenue you should follow....
Reply:well im sure your dentist knows best but im sure there is a shodddy dentist around somewhere that will have a go for the right price but if i was you stick to what your own says they know your teeth well enough to know better
Reply:If you want your teeth done cheap you will end up losing them all.
Reply:You can treat your teeth by going out from the states.
Reply:you could go to Baja, Tijuana, Mexico.
Get an estimate first, and make sure the doctor is certified.
Reply:why are you going to take them out?? if you have that much decay, dentures might be an option, however if you are talking implants you are talking major money. they are very expensive.
give me some more information on why you want your teeth to be removed and i can give you some more advice, need to know what the situation is exactly to be of any help
family nanny
Can anyone help me?
This is a strange request, I would be interested to know why you want this procedure done. Not many Dentist's would even be able to carry this surgery out, unless they are specialists and you certainly won't get it done 'cheap', it would be something that a private Dentist may do, or a Dental Hospital may do it, but only for valid clinical reasons. If you can give me the reason for the request I may be able to give you a cheaper alternative, contact me via the yahoo answers site.
Reply:ou won't get it done cheap, sorry for the bad news. This treatment not available on NHS so will be private. BIG MONEY
Reply:Its too expensive and why have tham down on the cheap, pay for the real deal so you know they are profeesionally done.
Reply:find a local dental school in your area, they usually take indigent patients. However, pulling out all your teeth and replacing them with implants is not a good idea. Your natural teeth will last longer with fewer risks of complications (like an infection in your jaw bone).
Reply:Why?
If you have your teeth out and the nerve is damaged they will go dark and the nerve will die!?
If you feel your teeth need straightening braces are very effective and then there are caps and crowns. This sounds a much better and less painful ordeal. (I went to the dentist today ... aah)
Reply:a cheeper idai just get ure teeth witent then get braces
Reply:Why if you took them out, would you want them put back in? Go on line to firstchoicedental.com, or just google dentist and find other proffessionals. Then there is the question, why won't your dentist work with you as far as payments, does he have good reason not to trust you? If you have a good credit history, check with these other dentists, this should not be a big problem.
Reply:Sorry, but you dont have a hope in hell. Since Mr Blair came into power all NHS Dentist has disappeared.
Reply:Questions like this need a locality, at least a country. How can you answer the question without knowing where the person lives...
Reply:Unfortunately thats not something to be done on the cheap! If it were I would have already done it!
That kind of surgery is considered cosmetic so that is the avenue you should follow....
Reply:well im sure your dentist knows best but im sure there is a shodddy dentist around somewhere that will have a go for the right price but if i was you stick to what your own says they know your teeth well enough to know better
Reply:If you want your teeth done cheap you will end up losing them all.
Reply:You can treat your teeth by going out from the states.
Reply:you could go to Baja, Tijuana, Mexico.
Get an estimate first, and make sure the doctor is certified.
Reply:why are you going to take them out?? if you have that much decay, dentures might be an option, however if you are talking implants you are talking major money. they are very expensive.
give me some more information on why you want your teeth to be removed and i can give you some more advice, need to know what the situation is exactly to be of any help
family nanny
Options for filling tooth space (other than dental implant)?
I'm missing my front tooth and I'm just wondering the options/prices of what I could do about it.
Options for filling tooth space (other than dental implant)?
You can get a fixed bridge= around $2000--$3000
or a flipper partial which is somewhere around the $1000 area.
computers
Options for filling tooth space (other than dental implant)?
You can get a fixed bridge= around $2000--$3000
or a flipper partial which is somewhere around the $1000 area.
computers
When a tooth gets knocked out is there bone loss?
If you lose a tooth. is there bone loss in that area? or does it fill in with bone? i have little knowledge about this subject but i lost a tooth and need an implant but there is an issue with not having enough bone? please explain this to me
thanks
When a tooth gets knocked out is there bone loss?
Yes, you will lose bone in that area as long as there is nothing occluding with it, but having an implant will actually stimulate bone regeneration. Don't worry, you will have plenty of bone for the implant.
Reply:Depends on lot of thinks and is difficult for my english to explain but I ll try.
Tooth and bone are two different thinks. when we extract a tooth of course we dont extract bone. now the empty hole will fill with bone.
BUT
1.how deep is this hole ? if the tooth was extracted becase of periodontal desease and it was more or less loose then that "hole" is not deep and may not exist at all
2. how vital is the remaning bone ? if the tooth is lost after an extensive absses then the bone is not so vital to fill the "hole":
3. your age ! I m 50 and at least my bones were stronger when i was 20.
I think this is the way you should approach you question. I think many other reasons may affect how much bone will made in the socket and nobady can tell exactly.
In such cases I give the patent 4 to 6 moths after the extractin of the tooth so that the trauma heal and see the case again
Reply:THE AMOUNT OF BONE TO HOLD AN IMPLANT DEPENDS ON WHERE THE IMPLANT IS TO BE PLACED.
IF THE IMPLANT IS TO BE PLACED IN THE UPPER JAW, IT SOMETIMES CANNOT BE PLACED WHERE THE UPPER SINUSES ARE INVOLVED. THE AMOUNT OF BONE PRESENT IS IRRELEVANT. THE AREA WHERE A TOOTH HAS BEEN LOST WILL EVENTUALLY FILL WITH BONE BUT BECAUSE OF ANATOMIC RESTRICTIONS AN IMPLANT MAY NOT BE POSSIBLE.
Reply:it is not really bone loss, per sey. the tooth is in a socket and there is bone around it. when it is pulled or falls out, the bone fills into that spot via osteoblasts, which are specialized cells that form bone. at least it that is the way it is supposed to work. unfortunately, non-biologic dentists do not know to pull out the periodontal ligament to allow the bone to form. that creates a cavitation. you should not get an implant. they are not a good thing.
CAVITATIONS
A cavitation is an unhealed hole in the jawbone caused by an extracted tooth [or a root canal or an injury to a tooth]. Since wisdom teeth are the most commonly extracted teeth, most cavitations are found in the wisdom tooth sites. Please see the graphic and photo below to get a glimpse of what may be in your mouth and the effects it is having. The photo and diagram demonstrate the destructive and pathologic consequence of a routine tooth extraction. Dentists are taught in dental school that once they pull a tooth, the patient's body heals the resulting hole in the jawbone. However, approximately 95% of all tooth extractions result in a pathologic defect called a cavitation. The tooth is attached to the jawbone by a periodontal ligament which is comprised of "jillions" of microscopic fibers. One end of each fiber is attached to the jawbone and the other end of the fiber is attached to the tooth root. When a tooth is extracted, the fibers break midway between the root and the bone. This leaves the socket (the area where the root was anchored in the bone) coated with periodontal ligament fibers.
There are specialized cells in the bone called osteoblasts. Osteoblasts make new bone. The word "osteoblast" means bone former. They are active during growth and maintenance. However, the periodontal ligament prevents the osteoblasts from filling in the tooth socket with bone since the periodontal ligament fibers lining the socket act as a barrier beyond which the osteoblasts cannot form bone. In other words, an osteoblast "sees" a tooth when it "sees" periodontal ligament fibers. Since there are billions of bacteria in the mouth, they easily get into the open tooth socket. Since the bone is unable to fill in the defect of the socket, the newly formed "cavitation" is now infected. Since there is no blood supply to the "cavitation" it is called "ischemic" or "avascular" (without a blood supply). This results in necrosis (tissue death). Hence we call a cavitation an unhealed, chronically infected, avascular, necrotic hole in the bone. The defect acts to an acupuncture meridian the same way a dead tooth (or root canal tooth) acts. It causes an interference field on the meridian which can impair the function and health of other tissues, organs and structures on the meridian. Significantly, the bacteria in the cavitation also produce the same deadly toxins that are produced by the bacteria in root canals (see Root Canals). These toxins are thio-ethers (most toxic organic substance known to man), thio-ethanols, and mercaptans. They have been found in the tumors in women with breast cancer.
_________________
Implants:
A titanium dental implant is usually made out of an alloy of this metal along with several other metals blended together. The most common alloy used has a ratio of 90 parts titanium, 6 parts aluminum and 4 parts vanadium
titanium implants are putting metal and a high milliamperage close to the brain. i have seen a woman who measured nearly 400 milliamps positive charge, and 30 neg charge who had three in her mouth; she paid $9,000 for them. the dr said she could have ran a stereo off her teeth. we removed them. our body runs on electrical impulses, so this can disrupt them (and brain waves). also, dentists and drs will tell you that bone grows to titanium implants. well, it will grow around it. but, it is a foreign object and the body will build up antibodies to it. over time, it will pull away from the bone and can become loose. if you will notice, they say implants last about 15 years or so. they are working on an implant made of diamond, supposed to be available in 5 yrs. but, it will still be a foreign object and pull away from the bone.
______________________________________...
Risks of Removable Appliance / Denture Bone loss Periodontal problems (irritation of gum tissue) Wear and tear on natural teeth Possible speech problems Will need adjustments regularly Comfort tends to be an issue. Block Bone Graft of my bone from Chin, Jawbone, or Hip (High Risk) Chin This procedure requires cutting through the inside of the bottom lip (he cannot cut along my gum line) and removing the bone from your chin. I do not have enough tissue in my gum area to cover the surgical site. Tissue may be used from underneath the tongue to create the flap. The surgical site needs to be covered for at least four months. There will be a scar in front of my lower teeth and this should not bother me. If you lose sensation because of nerve damage, your muscle tone you should not be affected. You will have 1-2" along the inside of my lower jaw and chin. The area may tingle and burn, but apparently You can get used to this? Also, the surgical sites may open up and need to be addressed with antibiotics, drainage, etc. This block of bone would be held in place with small titanium screws. It will take approx. 6 months to 1 year for these grafts to heal and integrate into your jawbone and the surgical sites will be kept covered with my tissue Place 2 more implants and have all 3 implants functioning separately. It will take approx. 6 months to 1 year for the implants to integrate into my jawbone. Crown all 3 implants separately. Keep yourself strong and healthy and hope that it works for a very long time. Have frequent cleanings (every 3 months). I have decided to not use bone from my face or hip. I will attempt either cadaver or artificial bone grafting.
______________________________________...
2.7.6. Titanium
It is generally accepted that pure titanium is extremely well tolerated by local tissues and induces neither toxic nor inflammatory reactions (Branemark et al. 1969, Toth et al. 1985, Linder et al. 1988, Pfeiffer et al. 1994). The normal tissue concentration of titanium in humans is 0.2 ppm. Around the titanium implants no clinical tissue toxicity has been observed even at local concentrations higher than 2000 ppm (Hildebrand et al. 1998). In optimal situations, titanium is able to osseointegrate with bone, thus forming a direct contact with bone at the light microscopy level (Branemark et al. 1969). The good bone contact may be due to the ability of titanium to form a Ca-P rich layer on its surface (Hanawa 1991). Titanium is bacteriostatic (Elagli et al. 1992) and does not significantly activate or inhibit different enzyme systems specific to toxic reactions, e.g. β - glucuronidase, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase (Elagli et al. 1995). The good biocompatibility and corrosion resistance are due to the naturally forming stable titanium oxide (TiO2) film on titanium surfaces (Zitter et al. 1987, Kasemo et al. 1991).
Particles from titanium arise from the passivation layer of the implant, but they are not titanium ions, but mostly insoluble titanium oxides or suboxides, which are recognized to be biologically inert. Indeed, the passivation layer is immediately reformed after abrasion because of the high oxidizability of titanium. This behavior protects the alloy and prevents the formation of chemical compounds other than oxides (Hildebrand et al. 1998). Tissue discoloration due to titanium oxide particles is sometimes seen around pure titanium implants, but this seems to have no clinical consequences (Onodera et al. 1993, Rosenberg et al. 1993). Experiments with laboratory animals and some limited analyses of human tissues have also revealed evidence of titanium release into distant tissues (Schliephake et al. 1993, Jorgenson et al. 1997).
Wear particles produced by abrasion appear especially in the vicinity of articular prostheses and implants with certain mobility, e.g. uncemented total hip replacements. These particles may induce multiple tissue reactions, including osteolysis, degradation of normal bone structure, severe macrophagic reactions, granuloma, fibrotic capsules and chronic inflammation, which may cause destabilization and loosening of prostheses and implants (Santavirta et al. 1991, Santavirta et al. 1993, Rubash et al. 1998). Particle size and composition are of essential importance in that process. Deleterious reactions have been reported with Ti-6Al-4V based prostheses (Nasser et al. 1990, Rubash et al. 1998), but not with pure titanium implants.
In vitro, pure titanium particles have also been shown to have some effects on cells. Low concentrations may stimulate fibroblast proliferation, while high concentrations may be toxic. At high particle concentrations, titanium caused a decrease in proteolytic and collagenolytic activity in the culture medium. Titanium also elevated the lysosomal enzyme marker, hexosaminidase, except at high concentrations (Maloney et al. 1993).
J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005 May ;87:628-31 15855362
Metal ion levels after metal-on-metal proximal femoral replacements: a 30-year follow-up.
[My paper] E Dunstan , A P Sanghrajka , S Tilley , P Unwin , G Blunn , S R Cannon , T W R Briggs
Metal-on-metal hip bearings are being implanted into younger patients. The consequence of elevated levels of potentially carcinogenic metal ions is therefore a cause for concern. We have determined the levels of cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti) and vanadium (Va) in the urine and whole blood of patients who had had metal-on-metal and metal-on-polyethylene articulations in situ for more than 30 years. We compared these with each other and with the levels for a control group of subjects.We found significantly elevated levels of whole blood Ti, Va and urinary Cr in all arthroplasty groups. The whole blood and urine levels of Co were grossly elevated, by a factor of 50 and 300 times respectively in patients with loose metal-on-metal articulations when compared with the control group. Stable metal-on-metal articulations showed much lower levels. Elevated levels of whole blood or urinary Co may be useful in identifying metal-on-metal articulations which are loose.
______________________________________...
Zirconium dioxide implants are supposed to be the wave of the future. They are still putting a foreign body into the jaw and the immune system will launch an immune response, so they will still loosen over time (15 to 20 years) from that. Granted, it appears to be better than titanium and they are saying it is a substitute for metal implants, but with the immune response, it isn't worth it to me.
______________________________________...
Properties
The German chemist M. H. Klaproth discovered zirconium dioxide in 1789 although this "miracle material" with its outstanding properties has only been re-discovered in the last few decades. For instance, various types of zirconium dioxide have been introduced to dentistry as a substitute for metal. This material is attractive because of its extraordinary properties such as high flexural strength (in excess of 1,000 MPa), hardness (1,200 – 1,400 Vickers) and Weibull modulus (10-12). Yttrium partially stabilises zirconium oxide to provide these positive properties. Adding aluminium oxide boosts the flexural strength of the zirconium dioxide alloy once again. Zirconium dioxide is used for manufacturing kitchen knives, industrial cutting tools and components under great thermomechanic stress in the automobile and aircraft industry. However, it is not only very strong, it is also biocompatible so that zirconium dioxide is also used in medicine (hearing devices and artificial fingers and hips) and dentistry (pins, crowns, bridges and implants). The fact that zirconium dioxide has the same colour as teeth along with its biotechnical characteristics mean it is used for manufacturing biocompatible, high-quality and aesthetic tooth and implant reconstructions. There have only been animal experiments and laboratory examinations on applying dental zirconium oxide implants to date, meaning no long-term data exists on the clinical application of these implants.
Manufacturing Zirconium Dioxide
The mineral zirconium (ZrSiO4) is the main raw material for zirconium dioxide while melting it with coke and lime (reducing the SiO2) produces ZrO2 for industrial uses. Since extremely pure constituents have to be used for producing high-performance ceramics, special ways to synthesise it have been developed for high-purity ZrO2. This includes production with reactions in molten salts, reactions in the gaseous phase, hydrothermal powder synthesis and the sol-gel process. Gaseous phase and sol-gel process production provides powder at very small particle sizes ranging from 0.01 to 0.10 µm. This powder is then mixed with additives to create what are known as green bodies with film casting, slip casting or drying pressing. We distinguish additives such as sintering additives (that have a specific effect on the sintering behaviour and the properties of finished ceramics) and auxiliary materials that facilitate shaping. While the sintering additives stay in the ceramics, all residues of the auxiliary materials (mostly slightly volatile organic compounds along with water) are removed from the moulded component before the sintering process. The green body is passed into the raw product by sintering and ground or polished depending upon use. The sintering process can be carried out at atmospheric pressure and under high pressure and it is only with the sintering process that the moulded components receive their actual properties. The ceramic powder particles are compressed by lowering the specific surface with temperature-dependant diffusion processes with alternating components of surface, particle size grading and volume diffusion. If solid body diffusion is too slow, sintering can also be carried out with a liquid phase or under pressure, the latter being called hot pressing or hot isostatic pressing (the HIP process). The velocity of solid body diffusion can be boosted with the right selection of sintering additives. A great deal of research needs to be done here since the high sintering temperatures (in excess of 1,200° C) and manufacturing under pressure causes production costs for ceramic components to shoot up. Along with providing systematic clarification of the impact that additives have on the sintering process, there are also attempts to enhance power transmission onto ceramic components by coupling in microwaves for lowering sintering temperatures.
ZrO2 Ceramics
The properties of ZrO2 ceramics substantially pivot on the chemical composition of the material and the manufacturing process. We distinguish fully stabilised ZrO2 (FSZ „fully stabilized zirconia“) and partially stabilised ZrO2 (PSZ „partially stabilized zirconia“). It can be partially stabilised by adding 3-6% CaO, MgO or Y2O3 and depending upon the conditions of manufacturing this stabilises the cubic, tetragonal or monocline modification. Partially stabilised ZrO2 demonstrates high thermal fatigue resistance, meaning it fills the bill for use as high-temperature mechanoceramics. Adding 10-15% CaO, MgO or Y2O3 also allows cubic modification of the zirconium dioxide from absolute zero to the solidus (FSZ) and the ceramic material is thermally and mechanically stable to a temperature of 2,600°. However, its low caloric conductivity and higher thermal expansion factor as compared with partially stabilised ZrO2 mean that the thermal fatigue resistance of the fully stabilised zirconium dioxide is lower. The zirconium dioxide that is suited to use as an implant has the following composition: 95% ZrO2 + 5% Y2O3.
Reply:When we do an implant in our office, it is always best to place an implant the same day of the extraction.
If an implant is done at a later time, a patient should wait 3-6 months for complete healing, to see how much bone is present. At this time, you may need a bone graft. And again wait until the dentist determines when it would be good to proceed with implant surgery.
Everyone heals differently, smokers and diabetics are slow healers. So the amount of bone and the time to re-evaluate differs from patient to patient.
Good Luck! Dental Implants are wonderful!
flickr
thanks
When a tooth gets knocked out is there bone loss?
Yes, you will lose bone in that area as long as there is nothing occluding with it, but having an implant will actually stimulate bone regeneration. Don't worry, you will have plenty of bone for the implant.
Reply:Depends on lot of thinks and is difficult for my english to explain but I ll try.
Tooth and bone are two different thinks. when we extract a tooth of course we dont extract bone. now the empty hole will fill with bone.
BUT
1.how deep is this hole ? if the tooth was extracted becase of periodontal desease and it was more or less loose then that "hole" is not deep and may not exist at all
2. how vital is the remaning bone ? if the tooth is lost after an extensive absses then the bone is not so vital to fill the "hole":
3. your age ! I m 50 and at least my bones were stronger when i was 20.
I think this is the way you should approach you question. I think many other reasons may affect how much bone will made in the socket and nobady can tell exactly.
In such cases I give the patent 4 to 6 moths after the extractin of the tooth so that the trauma heal and see the case again
Reply:THE AMOUNT OF BONE TO HOLD AN IMPLANT DEPENDS ON WHERE THE IMPLANT IS TO BE PLACED.
IF THE IMPLANT IS TO BE PLACED IN THE UPPER JAW, IT SOMETIMES CANNOT BE PLACED WHERE THE UPPER SINUSES ARE INVOLVED. THE AMOUNT OF BONE PRESENT IS IRRELEVANT. THE AREA WHERE A TOOTH HAS BEEN LOST WILL EVENTUALLY FILL WITH BONE BUT BECAUSE OF ANATOMIC RESTRICTIONS AN IMPLANT MAY NOT BE POSSIBLE.
Reply:it is not really bone loss, per sey. the tooth is in a socket and there is bone around it. when it is pulled or falls out, the bone fills into that spot via osteoblasts, which are specialized cells that form bone. at least it that is the way it is supposed to work. unfortunately, non-biologic dentists do not know to pull out the periodontal ligament to allow the bone to form. that creates a cavitation. you should not get an implant. they are not a good thing.
CAVITATIONS
A cavitation is an unhealed hole in the jawbone caused by an extracted tooth [or a root canal or an injury to a tooth]. Since wisdom teeth are the most commonly extracted teeth, most cavitations are found in the wisdom tooth sites. Please see the graphic and photo below to get a glimpse of what may be in your mouth and the effects it is having. The photo and diagram demonstrate the destructive and pathologic consequence of a routine tooth extraction. Dentists are taught in dental school that once they pull a tooth, the patient's body heals the resulting hole in the jawbone. However, approximately 95% of all tooth extractions result in a pathologic defect called a cavitation. The tooth is attached to the jawbone by a periodontal ligament which is comprised of "jillions" of microscopic fibers. One end of each fiber is attached to the jawbone and the other end of the fiber is attached to the tooth root. When a tooth is extracted, the fibers break midway between the root and the bone. This leaves the socket (the area where the root was anchored in the bone) coated with periodontal ligament fibers.
There are specialized cells in the bone called osteoblasts. Osteoblasts make new bone. The word "osteoblast" means bone former. They are active during growth and maintenance. However, the periodontal ligament prevents the osteoblasts from filling in the tooth socket with bone since the periodontal ligament fibers lining the socket act as a barrier beyond which the osteoblasts cannot form bone. In other words, an osteoblast "sees" a tooth when it "sees" periodontal ligament fibers. Since there are billions of bacteria in the mouth, they easily get into the open tooth socket. Since the bone is unable to fill in the defect of the socket, the newly formed "cavitation" is now infected. Since there is no blood supply to the "cavitation" it is called "ischemic" or "avascular" (without a blood supply). This results in necrosis (tissue death). Hence we call a cavitation an unhealed, chronically infected, avascular, necrotic hole in the bone. The defect acts to an acupuncture meridian the same way a dead tooth (or root canal tooth) acts. It causes an interference field on the meridian which can impair the function and health of other tissues, organs and structures on the meridian. Significantly, the bacteria in the cavitation also produce the same deadly toxins that are produced by the bacteria in root canals (see Root Canals). These toxins are thio-ethers (most toxic organic substance known to man), thio-ethanols, and mercaptans. They have been found in the tumors in women with breast cancer.
_________________
Implants:
A titanium dental implant is usually made out of an alloy of this metal along with several other metals blended together. The most common alloy used has a ratio of 90 parts titanium, 6 parts aluminum and 4 parts vanadium
titanium implants are putting metal and a high milliamperage close to the brain. i have seen a woman who measured nearly 400 milliamps positive charge, and 30 neg charge who had three in her mouth; she paid $9,000 for them. the dr said she could have ran a stereo off her teeth. we removed them. our body runs on electrical impulses, so this can disrupt them (and brain waves). also, dentists and drs will tell you that bone grows to titanium implants. well, it will grow around it. but, it is a foreign object and the body will build up antibodies to it. over time, it will pull away from the bone and can become loose. if you will notice, they say implants last about 15 years or so. they are working on an implant made of diamond, supposed to be available in 5 yrs. but, it will still be a foreign object and pull away from the bone.
______________________________________...
Risks of Removable Appliance / Denture Bone loss Periodontal problems (irritation of gum tissue) Wear and tear on natural teeth Possible speech problems Will need adjustments regularly Comfort tends to be an issue. Block Bone Graft of my bone from Chin, Jawbone, or Hip (High Risk) Chin This procedure requires cutting through the inside of the bottom lip (he cannot cut along my gum line) and removing the bone from your chin. I do not have enough tissue in my gum area to cover the surgical site. Tissue may be used from underneath the tongue to create the flap. The surgical site needs to be covered for at least four months. There will be a scar in front of my lower teeth and this should not bother me. If you lose sensation because of nerve damage, your muscle tone you should not be affected. You will have 1-2" along the inside of my lower jaw and chin. The area may tingle and burn, but apparently You can get used to this? Also, the surgical sites may open up and need to be addressed with antibiotics, drainage, etc. This block of bone would be held in place with small titanium screws. It will take approx. 6 months to 1 year for these grafts to heal and integrate into your jawbone and the surgical sites will be kept covered with my tissue Place 2 more implants and have all 3 implants functioning separately. It will take approx. 6 months to 1 year for the implants to integrate into my jawbone. Crown all 3 implants separately. Keep yourself strong and healthy and hope that it works for a very long time. Have frequent cleanings (every 3 months). I have decided to not use bone from my face or hip. I will attempt either cadaver or artificial bone grafting.
______________________________________...
2.7.6. Titanium
It is generally accepted that pure titanium is extremely well tolerated by local tissues and induces neither toxic nor inflammatory reactions (Branemark et al. 1969, Toth et al. 1985, Linder et al. 1988, Pfeiffer et al. 1994). The normal tissue concentration of titanium in humans is 0.2 ppm. Around the titanium implants no clinical tissue toxicity has been observed even at local concentrations higher than 2000 ppm (Hildebrand et al. 1998). In optimal situations, titanium is able to osseointegrate with bone, thus forming a direct contact with bone at the light microscopy level (Branemark et al. 1969). The good bone contact may be due to the ability of titanium to form a Ca-P rich layer on its surface (Hanawa 1991). Titanium is bacteriostatic (Elagli et al. 1992) and does not significantly activate or inhibit different enzyme systems specific to toxic reactions, e.g. β - glucuronidase, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase (Elagli et al. 1995). The good biocompatibility and corrosion resistance are due to the naturally forming stable titanium oxide (TiO2) film on titanium surfaces (Zitter et al. 1987, Kasemo et al. 1991).
Particles from titanium arise from the passivation layer of the implant, but they are not titanium ions, but mostly insoluble titanium oxides or suboxides, which are recognized to be biologically inert. Indeed, the passivation layer is immediately reformed after abrasion because of the high oxidizability of titanium. This behavior protects the alloy and prevents the formation of chemical compounds other than oxides (Hildebrand et al. 1998). Tissue discoloration due to titanium oxide particles is sometimes seen around pure titanium implants, but this seems to have no clinical consequences (Onodera et al. 1993, Rosenberg et al. 1993). Experiments with laboratory animals and some limited analyses of human tissues have also revealed evidence of titanium release into distant tissues (Schliephake et al. 1993, Jorgenson et al. 1997).
Wear particles produced by abrasion appear especially in the vicinity of articular prostheses and implants with certain mobility, e.g. uncemented total hip replacements. These particles may induce multiple tissue reactions, including osteolysis, degradation of normal bone structure, severe macrophagic reactions, granuloma, fibrotic capsules and chronic inflammation, which may cause destabilization and loosening of prostheses and implants (Santavirta et al. 1991, Santavirta et al. 1993, Rubash et al. 1998). Particle size and composition are of essential importance in that process. Deleterious reactions have been reported with Ti-6Al-4V based prostheses (Nasser et al. 1990, Rubash et al. 1998), but not with pure titanium implants.
In vitro, pure titanium particles have also been shown to have some effects on cells. Low concentrations may stimulate fibroblast proliferation, while high concentrations may be toxic. At high particle concentrations, titanium caused a decrease in proteolytic and collagenolytic activity in the culture medium. Titanium also elevated the lysosomal enzyme marker, hexosaminidase, except at high concentrations (Maloney et al. 1993).
J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005 May ;87:628-31 15855362
Metal ion levels after metal-on-metal proximal femoral replacements: a 30-year follow-up.
[My paper] E Dunstan , A P Sanghrajka , S Tilley , P Unwin , G Blunn , S R Cannon , T W R Briggs
Metal-on-metal hip bearings are being implanted into younger patients. The consequence of elevated levels of potentially carcinogenic metal ions is therefore a cause for concern. We have determined the levels of cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti) and vanadium (Va) in the urine and whole blood of patients who had had metal-on-metal and metal-on-polyethylene articulations in situ for more than 30 years. We compared these with each other and with the levels for a control group of subjects.We found significantly elevated levels of whole blood Ti, Va and urinary Cr in all arthroplasty groups. The whole blood and urine levels of Co were grossly elevated, by a factor of 50 and 300 times respectively in patients with loose metal-on-metal articulations when compared with the control group. Stable metal-on-metal articulations showed much lower levels. Elevated levels of whole blood or urinary Co may be useful in identifying metal-on-metal articulations which are loose.
______________________________________...
Zirconium dioxide implants are supposed to be the wave of the future. They are still putting a foreign body into the jaw and the immune system will launch an immune response, so they will still loosen over time (15 to 20 years) from that. Granted, it appears to be better than titanium and they are saying it is a substitute for metal implants, but with the immune response, it isn't worth it to me.
______________________________________...
Properties
The German chemist M. H. Klaproth discovered zirconium dioxide in 1789 although this "miracle material" with its outstanding properties has only been re-discovered in the last few decades. For instance, various types of zirconium dioxide have been introduced to dentistry as a substitute for metal. This material is attractive because of its extraordinary properties such as high flexural strength (in excess of 1,000 MPa), hardness (1,200 – 1,400 Vickers) and Weibull modulus (10-12). Yttrium partially stabilises zirconium oxide to provide these positive properties. Adding aluminium oxide boosts the flexural strength of the zirconium dioxide alloy once again. Zirconium dioxide is used for manufacturing kitchen knives, industrial cutting tools and components under great thermomechanic stress in the automobile and aircraft industry. However, it is not only very strong, it is also biocompatible so that zirconium dioxide is also used in medicine (hearing devices and artificial fingers and hips) and dentistry (pins, crowns, bridges and implants). The fact that zirconium dioxide has the same colour as teeth along with its biotechnical characteristics mean it is used for manufacturing biocompatible, high-quality and aesthetic tooth and implant reconstructions. There have only been animal experiments and laboratory examinations on applying dental zirconium oxide implants to date, meaning no long-term data exists on the clinical application of these implants.
Manufacturing Zirconium Dioxide
The mineral zirconium (ZrSiO4) is the main raw material for zirconium dioxide while melting it with coke and lime (reducing the SiO2) produces ZrO2 for industrial uses. Since extremely pure constituents have to be used for producing high-performance ceramics, special ways to synthesise it have been developed for high-purity ZrO2. This includes production with reactions in molten salts, reactions in the gaseous phase, hydrothermal powder synthesis and the sol-gel process. Gaseous phase and sol-gel process production provides powder at very small particle sizes ranging from 0.01 to 0.10 µm. This powder is then mixed with additives to create what are known as green bodies with film casting, slip casting or drying pressing. We distinguish additives such as sintering additives (that have a specific effect on the sintering behaviour and the properties of finished ceramics) and auxiliary materials that facilitate shaping. While the sintering additives stay in the ceramics, all residues of the auxiliary materials (mostly slightly volatile organic compounds along with water) are removed from the moulded component before the sintering process. The green body is passed into the raw product by sintering and ground or polished depending upon use. The sintering process can be carried out at atmospheric pressure and under high pressure and it is only with the sintering process that the moulded components receive their actual properties. The ceramic powder particles are compressed by lowering the specific surface with temperature-dependant diffusion processes with alternating components of surface, particle size grading and volume diffusion. If solid body diffusion is too slow, sintering can also be carried out with a liquid phase or under pressure, the latter being called hot pressing or hot isostatic pressing (the HIP process). The velocity of solid body diffusion can be boosted with the right selection of sintering additives. A great deal of research needs to be done here since the high sintering temperatures (in excess of 1,200° C) and manufacturing under pressure causes production costs for ceramic components to shoot up. Along with providing systematic clarification of the impact that additives have on the sintering process, there are also attempts to enhance power transmission onto ceramic components by coupling in microwaves for lowering sintering temperatures.
ZrO2 Ceramics
The properties of ZrO2 ceramics substantially pivot on the chemical composition of the material and the manufacturing process. We distinguish fully stabilised ZrO2 (FSZ „fully stabilized zirconia“) and partially stabilised ZrO2 (PSZ „partially stabilized zirconia“). It can be partially stabilised by adding 3-6% CaO, MgO or Y2O3 and depending upon the conditions of manufacturing this stabilises the cubic, tetragonal or monocline modification. Partially stabilised ZrO2 demonstrates high thermal fatigue resistance, meaning it fills the bill for use as high-temperature mechanoceramics. Adding 10-15% CaO, MgO or Y2O3 also allows cubic modification of the zirconium dioxide from absolute zero to the solidus (FSZ) and the ceramic material is thermally and mechanically stable to a temperature of 2,600°. However, its low caloric conductivity and higher thermal expansion factor as compared with partially stabilised ZrO2 mean that the thermal fatigue resistance of the fully stabilised zirconium dioxide is lower. The zirconium dioxide that is suited to use as an implant has the following composition: 95% ZrO2 + 5% Y2O3.
Reply:When we do an implant in our office, it is always best to place an implant the same day of the extraction.
If an implant is done at a later time, a patient should wait 3-6 months for complete healing, to see how much bone is present. At this time, you may need a bone graft. And again wait until the dentist determines when it would be good to proceed with implant surgery.
Everyone heals differently, smokers and diabetics are slow healers. So the amount of bone and the time to re-evaluate differs from patient to patient.
Good Luck! Dental Implants are wonderful!
flickr
Will I be able to fix my jaw?
Kinda a long story, but I had braces when i was younger and I was very stupid and didn't take care of my teeth. Needless to say, I had to have them taken off and had to get all my front teeth crowned and one implant. My question is: will they still be able to fix my bite and get me ready for orthognathic surgery? My jaw looks absolutely terrible (one side goes back farther than the other and I ahve an overbite). I know it's more complicated with crowns and an implant, but is it possible? I'm so unhappy with the way my jaw makes my face look .. I've even considered suicide (i know this isn't the section for that)... I just want re-assurance that this can be corrected.
Will I be able to fix my jaw?
Holy Cow!!! Yes, they can fix the problem. At the very most you may want your crowns redone if the alignment is not right after surgery, but I bet it will be fine with these crowns. Orthognathic surgery is very common these days. You'll be back in braces for a while afterwards, and you'll most likely lose some weight because of your jaw being wired together for a few weeks. NOTHING is worse than not being here.....surgery, crooked jaw or anything else. Hang in there and good luck.
Reply:HELLO,
A GOOD DENTAL TEAM APPROACH CAN WORK MIRACLES. LET THE TEAM DO THIS FOR YOU, PLEASE STICK AROUND AND DON'T CONSIDER THE ALTERNATIVE :-)
HORSE
Will I be able to fix my jaw?
Holy Cow!!! Yes, they can fix the problem. At the very most you may want your crowns redone if the alignment is not right after surgery, but I bet it will be fine with these crowns. Orthognathic surgery is very common these days. You'll be back in braces for a while afterwards, and you'll most likely lose some weight because of your jaw being wired together for a few weeks. NOTHING is worse than not being here.....surgery, crooked jaw or anything else. Hang in there and good luck.
Reply:HELLO,
A GOOD DENTAL TEAM APPROACH CAN WORK MIRACLES. LET THE TEAM DO THIS FOR YOU, PLEASE STICK AROUND AND DON'T CONSIDER THE ALTERNATIVE :-)
HORSE
HELP! I broke a crown over a dental implant!?
In one of my front teeth, I have a dental implant, which naturally has a crown over it. Now, being the idiot I am, I managed to crack it all the way across the back, and it broke. The whole bottom half and front piece (which I guess it connected to it) are wiggly and loose to the point where I fear if I eat or drink anything, it will fall off. I called my dentist, she's having me come in first thing tomorrow morning. In the meantime, what do I do? If it falls off, will it hurt me? I know I might cut my tongue on the edge of the top piece, but would anything else potentially harmful happen to me? The screw can't come out while I'm asleep or anything, right?
HELP! I broke a crown over a dental implant!?
I'm a dentist.
Without seeing what's going on, I cannot make a diagnosis.
Crowns, when they fail, fail catastrophically. This means that something breaks off completely. The fact that something is still attached to the implant and wiggling, however, suggests that the abutment screw is loose. The crown may certainly be damaged and in need of replacement, but my concern is the implant. Implants, just like tooth roots, can fracture (which would also cause the screw to be loose).
As for the whole thing coming off in your sleep, it's certainly possible. I would recommend sleeping with your head propped up.
Reply:sounds like the implant post screw has come adrift.
maybe the implant is placed at an acute angle which is causing undue stress to the post.
if the crown is not removable then it will need to be cut off and the post will need to be resecured.
city opera
HELP! I broke a crown over a dental implant!?
I'm a dentist.
Without seeing what's going on, I cannot make a diagnosis.
Crowns, when they fail, fail catastrophically. This means that something breaks off completely. The fact that something is still attached to the implant and wiggling, however, suggests that the abutment screw is loose. The crown may certainly be damaged and in need of replacement, but my concern is the implant. Implants, just like tooth roots, can fracture (which would also cause the screw to be loose).
As for the whole thing coming off in your sleep, it's certainly possible. I would recommend sleeping with your head propped up.
Reply:sounds like the implant post screw has come adrift.
maybe the implant is placed at an acute angle which is causing undue stress to the post.
if the crown is not removable then it will need to be cut off and the post will need to be resecured.
city opera
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)